陶瓷文化是中国传统文化的重要组成部分

陶瓷文化是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，是民族文化高度发展的产物，也是民族文化的结晶。景德镇自古以来以陶瓷文化著称，通过精美的陶瓷艺术，卓越的制瓷工艺，千年积淀，最终成为全国的制瓷中心，确立了在中国乃至世界的“瓷都”地位。从某种意义上来说，景德镇陶瓷文化是中国陶瓷文化的杰出代表，是先人给我们留下的珍贵遗产。景德镇又是国务院首批公布的24座历史文化名城之一，承载了千年的历史文化。城市文化内涵丰富，一部分是以大量的遗址，作坊，器物为代表的物质文化，一部分是在千年制瓷生产，销售等过程中形成的工艺，民俗，制度为特点的非物质文化。博物馆是人类的“记忆之庙”，是城市的“文明之窗”。景德镇博物馆如何体现陶瓷文化，怎样保护与传承陶瓷文化，研究这些问题是关心陶瓷文化的研究者的迫切任务。本文就博物馆与陶瓷文化的关系做些探讨，望方家指教。

Ceramic culture is not only an important part of the traditional chinese culture and the product of the highiy developed national culture, but also the crystallization of the national culture.Jing Dezhen is a city which is famous for its ceramic culture since the ancient times,has utimately become the national porcelain making center and established the position as “the capital of porcelain” all over the world.So in a sense, the ceramic culture of Jing Dezhen is an outstanding representative of the Chinese ceramic culture,and it is also a valuable heritage from our precursor.. Jing Dezhen is one of the 24 well-known historic and cultural cities,which carried thousand years of historic cultural.Besides, it is a city with abundant intension, one part is material culture which is represented by many ruins, workshops, and utensils, the other is non-material culture which is characterized as craft, folk-custom, and system. Museum is the “temple of memory” of our human beings and the “window of civilization” of the city.Therefore , the urgent mission for our ceramic researchers is how to help the ceramic history museum to reveal its ceramic culture, and how to protect and carry forward ceramic culture.This essay will focus on discussing the relationship between museum and ceramic culture, hope that all the readers can give your views.

一景德镇陶瓷文化及其特征

传统文化是一个民族在其发展过程中长期形成的，反映民族心理，民族信仰，价值观念的精神产物和智力成果的总和。陶瓷文化是传统文化的体现，是指在陶瓷的泥做，火烧与销售，消费的过程中和各个环节中呈现的材质文化，工艺文化，制度文化，行为文化，物质文化形态和情感，心理，观念，习俗等精神文化的面貌。陶瓷文化既包括历代流传下来的陶瓷作品，又包括古代制瓷作坊和古窑遗存，陶瓷民俗，陶瓷艺术以及反映古代制瓷风貌的历史街区，还包括为保护和反映古瓷文化而在现实中形成的各种物质和非物质文化形象。

Jing Dezhen ceramic culture and its characteristic

Traditional culture is formed during the process of a nation’s development, which can reflect national psychology, the intellectual products of national belief and intellectual property. Ceramic culture is the embodiment of traditional culture, including material culture, craft culture, system culture,behavior culture, material culture and mental culture, which was presented during the process of mud making, firing, selling and consumption.The ceramic culture not only includes ceramic works that handed down from ancient times, but also includes the ancient porcelain kiln, archaeological remains, the ceramic custom, ceramic folkways and ceramic arts. Besides, it also covers historical districts which can reflect the ancient procelain-making features, and various material and non-material culture image which was formed for the purpose of protecting and

reflecting the ancient procelain culture.

景德镇素以“汇天下良工之精华，集天下名窑之大成”，“工匠来八方，器成天下走”著称。千年制瓷历史创造了体系完整，内涵丰富的陶瓷文化。这些传统文化，大致可以分为以下几类：景德镇地域文化，陶瓷历史文化，陶瓷材质与工艺文化，陶瓷器物与装饰文化，陶瓷交易与习俗文化，陶瓷人物与制度文化等。

景德镇在千年锤炼中，一方面吸纳了中华民族传统文化中精华的部分，另一方面又具有自己独特的内涵，形成了独有的特征。

Jing Dezhen has long been famous for its skillful craftmen and well-known kilns.Thousand years’ procelain-making history has created the integrated and intensional ceramic culture.These tradional culture can be classified as the following:Jing Dezhen regional culture, the ceramic historical culture, ceramical material and craft culture, ceramic utensils and decoration culture,ceramic trade and custom culture, ceramic characters and system culture, etc.

During the thousand years’ development, Jing Dezhen on one hand incorporates the essence of traditonal chinese culture, on the other hand, it has its own unique intention, which forms the specific feature.

1． 制瓷历史悠久，内涵丰富，具有权威性

清代《南窑笔记》载：“景德镇，在昌南之南，其冶陶始于汉季。”乾隆《浮梁县志》记载“新平冶陶，始于汉世”，这就是说早在公元1至2世纪，此地就开始烧造陶瓷。唐代，昌南镇的瓷器在京城被称为“假玉器”，宋代，昌南镇改称“景德镇”，得名于宋真宗年号，全国拥有这种荣耀的城市只有景德镇。元明清三朝，景德镇的瓷业发展到顶峰，设御窑厂生产瓷器专供皇室。到元代，改变了瓷器的配方，由一元配方变为二元配方，这是中国乃至世界陶瓷史上的一次革命。珍贵的遗迹窑址，精湛的制瓷工艺，独特的瓷业习俗，同样展现着浓郁的陶瓷文化内涵，形成了其他产瓷区所不能相提并论的独具特色的资源