人教版高一英语必修二课堂笔记

Book 2

Unit 1 Cultural relics

1、He insists it belongs to his family.

他坚持说这是他家的。

动词insist 后面所接的从句有两种情况，当表示“坚持要干某事”时，用虚拟语气；当

表示“坚持认为（主张、想法和事实）”时，不用虚拟语气。

①Mother insisted that I（should ）use the old bicycle.

妈妈坚持要我骑那辆旧自行车。（坚持要别人干，虚拟语气）

②He insisted that he was right.

他坚持认为他是对的。（坚持认为，真实语气）

2、Frederick William Ⅰ, the king of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such a strange history.

普鲁士国王威廉一世决不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人的礼物会有这样一段离弃的历史。

情态动词+have done表示对过去发生的事的推测、批评、反悔等意。

①When you spoke in front of 300 people yesterday, you must have felt very nervous. 你昨天面对300人讲话时，一定很紧张吧。（推测）

②You failed again in exam. You should have studied hard.

你考试又没有及格。你本来应该好好学习（批评）

③It is raining hard now. I needn’t have watered the flower this morning.

下大雨啦！我本来不必给花浇水的。（反悔）

3、Once it is heated, the amber can be made into any shape.

加热后，琥珀可以被制作成各种形式。

小结make 的相关搭配：

be made into 被制成；被做成

be made from 由„„制成（原料看不见）

be made of 由„„制成（原料看得见）

be made up of 由„„组成

①Bamboo can be made into fine paper.

竹子可以制成优质纸。

②This bridge is made of stone.

这座桥是石料建的。（原料看得见）

③Some paper is made from bamboo.

有些纸是竹子做的。（原料看不见）

④Our school is made up of 30 classes.

我们学校是由30个班组成的。

4、This was a time when the two countries were at war.

这是在两国交战的时期。

at the war处于交战时期，英语中有些介词+名词后，可以表示状态。

be at work在上班

be on fire着火了

be in trouble在困难中 be at school在上学 be on duty在值班 be in danger在危险中 be at table在吃饭 be on sale在销售中 be in debt欠债

5、After that, what really happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.

从那以后，琥珀屋的最终所归成了一个迷。

动词remain 后接名词或形容词，意为“保持；继续；依然”。

①They remain good friends even though they entered different high schools.

他们尽管进入不同的高中就读，感情仍然很好。

②My English remains poor, so I must take a further step.

我的英语依然很差，我必须采取进一步的措施。

remain 可用副词still （仍然）和all the same（仍然）来转换，如例2可转换为：

①My English is still poor, so I must take a further step.

②My English is poor all the same, so I must take a further step.

6、I think highly of those who are searching for the Amber Room.

我很欣赏那些为寻找琥珀屋而努力的人们。

think highly of赞赏；高度评价=think much of=think well of

反义词组：think little of或think nothing of=think ill of

①They all think highly of the picture on the wall.

他们都很欣赏墙上的那幅画。

②Some of us thought little of his speech at the yesterday’s meeting.

我们有些人对他昨天在会议上的发言评价并不高。

语法：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

课本P86—P87

重点词汇

1、survive/live/exist/stay

stay 为短期逗留，live 为长期居住，exist 是“存在”的意思，survive 为continue to

live ，remain alive after or live longer than sb.

①Although I don’t live in this city, I want to stay here for another few days.

尽管我不是居住在这个城市，但我想在这儿多呆几天。

②We cannot exist without air.

没有空气我们就不能生存。

③Luckily he survived the traffic accident.

车祸之后他幸免于死。（vt . ）

④He survived his wife for five years.

他比他的妻子多活5年。（vt . ）

⑤The custom still survives.

那风俗仍然流传着。

survival n . 幸存；逃生 survivor n . 幸存者

2、belong to 属于

请判断以下四个句中哪一个是正确的？

A This house belong to my uncle.

B This car isn’t belong to my uncle.

C This car belongs to mine.

D Does it belong to her?

正确的一个是D.

3、search/in search of 寻找

寻找有以下三种表达方法：

search v .

search some place for sth

search for sth in some place

search n .

in search of

试用以上三种方法翻译句子：

警方正在森林里搜查被盗的小汽车。

①The police are searching in for a stolen car in the forest.

②The police are searching the forest for a stolen car.

③The police are in search of the stolen car in the forest.

4、fancy/imagine 想象

fancy 和imagine 当动词用时都是“想象”的意思，可以换用，但imagine 只能作动词，

名词为imagination ；而fancy 既可以作动词，又可以作形容词。

①Can you fancy/imagine his crossing the strait in such a short time?

你能想象他在这么短的时间横渡海峡吗？（vt . ）

②Dragons are creatures of Chinese fancy.

龙是中国人幻想出来的动物。（n . ）

③There are many fancy goods in this shop.

这家商店有很多花哨商品。

5、“怀疑”的几种表达法

①There is no doubt that our volleyball team will win the game.（n . ）

=We have no doubt that our volleyball team will win the game.（n . ）

=We don’t doubt that our volleyball team will win the game.（vt . ）

毫无疑问，我们的排球队要赢。

②There is some doubt whether John will come here on time.（n . ）

=We have some doubt whether John will come here on time.（n . ）

=We doubt whether/if John will come here on time.（vt . ）

=We have doubtful whether/if John will come here on time.（adj . ）

我们怀疑约翰是否按时到这儿来。

6、consider doing sth或consider+疑问词+to do是“考虑干某事”的意思

consider to be（to do）认为

consider 接从句，根据上下文确定意思。

①I ’m considering changing my job.

我正考虑调动工作。

②Have you considered how to get there?

=Have you considered how you could get there?

你考虑过如何到达那里吗？

③We consider him（to be）a lazy worker.

=We consider that he is a lazy worker.

我们认为他是懒惰的工人。

7、pretend 怎么用？

pretend “假装”的意思，其后接名词、动词不定式或从句。

①He pretended to be sleeping.

=He pretended that he was sleeping.

他假装在睡觉。

②He pretended sickness.

=He pretended that he was sick.

他假装病了。

Unit 2 The Olympic Games

1、Every four years athletes from all over the world are admitted as competitors.

每四年，来自全世界的运动员都可以参赛。

be admitted as作为„„被接受；be admitted to被接受到某处

①He was admitted as member of the baseball team.

他被接受为棒球队的一名队员。

②They were admitted as Party members when they graduated from high school.

他们高中毕业时被接纳为党员。

③Children under 18 are not admitted to this film.

未满18岁的小孩不得入场看这部电影。

④How many students have been admitted to the school this year?

今年有多少学生获准入学？

2、All countries can take part if they reach the standard to be admitted to the games.

所有国家都能参加比赛，只要他们达到了参赛的标准。

take part之后不能接宾语，而take part in之后要接宾语。

①There is a basketball game this afternoon. Will you C?

②There is a basketball game for me to B this afternoon.

③Hot as it was, we D an important meeting yesterday.

A took part B take part in C take part D took part in

3、A special village is built for competitors to live in, a stadium for competitions, a very large swimming pool, a gymnasium as well as seats for those that watch the games.

有一个特殊的村庄供参赛的人住，有供比赛用的体育场，有很大的游泳池，有室内体育

馆，还有观众席呢。

as well as和as well怎样区别？

as well意为“还，也”，相当于too ，常位于句末。

①She went there as well.=She went there too.

她也到那儿去。

②He speaks English, and Chinese as well.

他既讲英语，又讲中文。

as well as与as well同义，但常用来连接两个并列成分，强调的重点是第一个成分，

如果连接的两个并列成分作主语，谓语动词的数和第一个一致。

①On Sundays, his landlady provided dinner as well as breakfast.

星期天他的女房东不但给他提供早餐，还提供晚餐。

②Mr. Smith, as well as his children has come to China.

史密斯先生和他的小孩一起来到了中国。

4、I will only be married to a man who can run faster than I.

我只嫁给比我跑得快的男人。

get/be married to sb和某人结婚

marry sb娶（嫁给）某人

这两个短语都不能与介词with 连用。

①She was married to a foreigner.

她嫁给了一个外国人。

②She married a man with a lot of money.

她嫁给了一个有钱人。

③My son married last month. He married Jean, a nice girl.

我儿子上个月结婚了。新娘是琼，一个非常好的女孩。

5、Make sure you take turns to be a leader of your group so that everybody gets a chance to talk for the group and become more confident in speaking English.

要确保你们轮流做小组的负责人，这样人人都有机会代表小组讲话，也就是大家讲英语

更有信心了。

take turns to do sth轮流做某事=do sth by turns

We take turns to clean our classroom.

=We clean our classroom by turns.

我们轮流打扫教室。

be/become confident in doing sth=feel/be confident of sth对„„充满信心

①We are all confident of victory.

我们对胜利充满信心。

②The boy is confident in doing everything.

这男孩做什么事都自信。

语法：

被动语态的结构：

主语+be动词的不同时态+过去分词（by ）+其它

一般将来时的被动语态：

主语+will be+过去分词+（by ）+其它

重点词汇

1、take part in/join/join in/attend 参加

这些词语都有“参加”的意思，但要注意区别：

take part in 参加活动或会议

join 参加某种组织，成为其中一员

join （sb ）in 和某人一起活动；陪某人做某事

attend 出席或参加某种会议

①Her brother joined the army three years ago.

②Will you join us in the game?

③Most of us take an active part in sports every day.

④There is an important meeting for me to attend/take part in.

⑤Will you join me in a drink?（陪我喝酒）

2、host vt . 做东；款待；主办；主持

host n . 男主持人；男主人；东道主

hostess n . 女主持人；女主人

①It is known that China will host the 2008 Olympic Games. It will be the host

country for the Olympic Games.

众所周知，中国将主办2008年奥运会，成为主办国。

②I ’ll host all of you this evening.

今晚我做东款待你们大家。

③As you know, they are all good hosts.

他们很好客，你是知道的。

3、a set of/a suit of 一套

表示一套衣服时用a suit of或a set of，表示一套工具、一套家具、一套著作等时，

要用a set of。

①She went to the shop to buy a suit of clothes.

=She went to the shop to buy a set of clothes.

她到商店去买一套衣服。

②This new pair has bought a dinner set and a set of bedroom furniture.

这对新婚夫妇买了一套餐具和一套卧室家具。

4、replace/take the place of/in place of/instead of 替代；取代

这些词语都有“替代”的意思，replace 可以和take the place换用，而in place of

和instead of都是短语介词，不能单独作谓语。

①Can anything replace a mother’s love and care?

=Can anything take the place of a mother’s love and care?

有什么东西能取代母亲的爱和照顾吗？

②Mr. Smith is ill, so I have to work here in place of/instead of him.

史密斯先生病了，我只好替他在这儿上班。

③I usually go to school on foot instead of by bus.

我通常步行上学，而不坐公交车。

此处的instead of不能用in place of替换。in place of后只能接名词和代词，而instead

of 之后既可以接名词、代词，还可以接动名词、介词短语等。

5、relate ... to 使有关 relate to 与„„有关

relate 既可以作及物动词，又可以作不及物动词。

①We should relate a result with（to ）its cause.（vt . ）

我们应该把结果和原因联系起来。

②This letter relates to our company.（vi . ）

=This letter has relations with our company.

这封信与我们公司有关。

“与„„有关”的其它表达方法：

1）have something to do with

2）concern vt .

3）be concerned with sb. or sth.

4）be concerned with（to ）

6、promise vt .&n . 答应；允诺

Mother promised me to buy a new bicycle.

=Mother promised that she would buy me a new bicycle.

=Mother made a promise that she would buy me a new bicycle.

Unit 3 Computers

1、I know this sounds very simple, but at that time it was a technological revolution.

我知道这听起来很简单，但是在那个时候这却是一项技术革命。

sound+形容词，意为“听起来如何”，sound like+名词，是“听起来像„„”的意思。

①It sounds like a train. Let’s hurry.（a train可数名词，注意冠词）

快点，这听起来好像是火车的声音。

②It sounds like water. Didn’t you turn off the tape?（water ，不可数名词）

听起来好像是水的声音，难道你没有关水龙头？

③What he said sounded reasonable.

他说的话听起来好像有道理。

2、My real father was Alan Turing who in 1936 wrote a book to describe how computers could be made to work and built a“universal machine”to solve any mathematical problem.

我真正的父亲是艾伦·图林，他1936年曾写过一本书，书中描写了使计算机工作的方法，

并且他还制作了一台“通用机器”来解决数学问题。

这是一个定语从句，它属于A 句型。

①No one could recognize me after I got my new transistors in the 1960s.

20世纪60年代我有了新的晶体管之后，就没有人能认出我了。

关于“在某年、某月、某年代”的表达：

in 1960=in the year 1960 在1960年

in September, 1960=in the September of 1960 在1960年9月

in the 1960s=in the 1960’s 在20世纪60年代

3、I love being used to connect people who aren’t close enough to speak to each other.

我喜欢被相距遥远的人们用来彼此联系。

love to do和love doing的意思差不多，都是“喜欢做某事”的意思，细微区别是love

to do侧重具体的、某一次的动作，而love doing强调经常性的动作。这样的动词常见

的还有like ，begin ，start 等。但是would/should love和would/should like之后必

须接to do。

①I like swimming very much, but I don’t like to swim in such bad weather today.

我（平时）非常喜欢游泳，但今天天气太差，我不想游。

②I love to stay（staying ）outside when it is too hot.

天气热的时候我喜欢呆在外边。

③...Would you like to go there with us?

...Yes, I’d like to.

你愿意和我们一起到那儿去吗？

愿意。

4、I think we can work together to create an even better system.

我觉得我们可以合作创造出一个更好的系统。

even ，still ，much ，a lot，a great deal，a little，a bit，no 之后都可以接形容

词或副词的比较级。

①He is trying to make even greater progress.

他正尽力争取更大的进步。

②The boy is far taller than before.

这男孩比以前高多了。

③It is a little cooler today than yesterday.

今天比昨天凉爽一点。

④He is no richer than I.

=He is as poor as I.

他和我一样穷。

⑤You have done a lot better than I expected.

你做的比我预料的要好得多。

5、In a way, my programmer is like my coach.

从某种程度上看，我的程序员好比是我的教练。

in a way在某种程度上，从某个意义上说

by the way顺便问（说）

on the（one ’s ）way 在„„路上

①In a way, her English has improved but there is still a long way to go. 从某种程度上看，她的英语有进步，但对她来说，路还很长。

②His teacher considers him clever and in a way he is right.

他的老师认为他很聪明，从某些方面看，老师是对的。

③By the way, at what time will you start?

顺便问一下，你们几点出发？

④On our way home, we were caught in the rain.

在回家的路上，我们淋雨了。

6、After all, with the help of my computer brain, which never forget anything,

intelligence is what I’m all about.

不管怎样，在我过目不忘的计算机头脑的帮助下，智能就是我的一切。

after all尽管；到底（最终）；究竟；毕竟

①Don ’t scold her. After all, she is a five-year-old girl.

别责备她，毕竟她还是一个五岁的女孩。

②So you see, I was right after all.

所以你看，（最终）我还是对了吧。

语法：

1、被动语态的结构：

主语+be动词的不同时态+过去分词（by ）+（其它）

现在完成时的被动语态：

主语+have/has+been+过去分词+（by ）+（其它）

重点词汇

1、common adj . 共同的；共有的

in common 共同；共有

have/has sth in common with sb. 与某人有共同语言（共同之处）

have/has sth in common 共同使用；共同拥有

①They have English as a common language.

他们都把英语作为共同语言。

②We are good friends and we have common interest.

我们是好朋友，我们有共同兴趣。

③I don’t know why she has nothing in common with us.

我不知道她为什么和我们没有共同语言（共同之处）。

④There is only one computer in this room, so we have to have it in common. 房间里只有一台电脑，我们只好共有。

2、anyway=anyhow 无论如何，无论怎样

①The house is locked and I can’t get in anyway/anyhow.

房门锁着，无论怎样我也进不去。

②Anyway/Anyhow I shall not go there today.

无论如何我今天不会到那儿去。

③It is raining hard. Anyway, we must finish it no time.

在下大雨，但无论如何我们必须按时完成任务。

3、so ... that，such ... that ... 如此„„以至于，比较以下例句，归纳so ... that

和such ... that ...的区别：

①He was so tired that he couldn’t walk any longer.

他如此只累，以至于一步也走不动了。

②He ran so fast that nobody could catch up with him.

他跑得如此之快，以至于没有人能赶上他。

③It is so interesting a film that everyone likes to see it.

=It is such an interesting film that everyone likes to see it.

这部电影如此有趣，（以至于）人人喜欢看。

④It is such dirty water that nobody dares to drink.

水如此之脏，没有人敢喝。

⑤She bought such expensive clothes that she spend up the money.

她买的衣服如此贵，（以至于）把钱花光了。

小结：

so 后面接形容词、副词、和可数名词的单数，但冠词在形容词之后。

such 之后接不可数名词、可数名词的复数和单数名词。

4、deal with 处理；对付 do with 处理；容忍；将就

这两个短语都有“处理”的意思，区别在于deal 是不及物动词，不能接宾语，而do 是 及物动词，可以接宾语。

①There is so much water in the room. What will you do with it?

=There is so much water in the room. How will you deal with it?

房间里这么多水，你如何处置？

第一句中的what 为及物动词do 的宾语，第二句中的how 作deal with it的状语，how 不可换为what 。

②Tell me what you did with yourself on Sundays?

=Tell me how you dealt with yourself on Sundays?

告诉我你星期天是怎样度过的？

③This fellow is hard to deal with.

这家伙很难对付。

5、choose vt .&vi . 选择；挑选 choice n . 选择；挑选

重要句型：

cannot choose but do=have no choice but to do 别无它择，只好„„

①It is raining hard. We cannot choose but stop our game.

=It is raining hard. We have no choice but to stop our game.

下大雨了，我们没有别的选择，只好停止比赛。

②He cannot choose but obey.

=He has no choice but to obey.

他只好服从。

6、make up 弥补；化妆，打扮；编造；配置；组成

make up是一个常用短语

①You should study hard and make up for lost time.

你应该努力学习，弥补损失的时间。

②Look, the actors are busy making up themselves.

看，演员们正忙于化妆。

③He often makes up a story to cheat us.

他经常编故事骗我们。

④Our school is made up of 38 classes.

我们学校由38个班组成。

Unit 4 Wildlife protection

1、As a result, many of them died out.

结果，许多物种消亡了。

as a result和as a result of都是“结果”的意思，但as a result在句中作插入语， 后面不能接东西，而as a result of是短语介词，of 之后要接宾语。

①He had a road accident. As a result, he stayed in hospital for a whole mouth. 他出了一次车祸，结果在医院躺了整整一个月。

此句可用as a result of转换： As a result of a road accident, he stayed in hospital for a whole mouth.

2、What other endangered species do you know?

你还知道有哪些其它濒于灭绝的物种呢？

endangered 是动词的过去分词作形容词，在此作定语修饰名词species 。在英语中，动 词的过去分词表示被动（如interested ，inspired ），“感到„„的”或“被„„的”的 意思，动词的现在分词（如exciting ，interesting ），表示主动，常译为“令人„„的”， 过去分词和现在分词在句子中都可以作定语修饰名词。

①When shall we send the corrected papers back to them?

我们什么时候把（被）更正过的作业还给他们？

②The unexpected arrival of the letter made us jump with joy.

这封（感到出乎意料的）突然的来信使我们高兴地跳了起来。

③This was exciting news and all the excited children were wild with joy. 这个消息令人兴奋不已，那些（感到）激动的孩子欣喜若狂。

3、I believe that you are concerned about animals and plants disappearing.

我相信你对动植物逐渐消亡很关心。

disappearing 是动词disappear 的-ing 形式，也称作现在分词，在此作介词about 的宾 语，它前面的animals 和plants 是disappear 意义上的主语，是主动关系；这种意义上 的主语常使用名词、名词所有格、代词的所有格或代词宾格的形式。

①He is proud of his father being a famous scientist.（名词）

他父亲是一个著名的科学家，为此他感到骄傲。

②I don’t like my sister’s going to such a place.（名词所有格）

我不愿意我妹妹去那样一个地方。

③I ’m sorry my coming has added to your trouble.

十分抱歉我的到来增添了你的麻烦。

④Do you mind me（my ）smoking here?（代词宾格或代词所有格，口语常用宾格） 我在这儿抽烟你介意吗？

4、Daisy hurried to get dressed and put on her skirt and sweater.

黛西急忙穿戴起来，他穿好短裙和毛衣。

get dressed 穿戴起来；穿上衣服

“get+过去分词”这一结构表示变成某种状态。

①Wait for me and go swimming together. I’ll get changed.

等一下我们一块去游泳，我去换衣服。

②Be careful, or you’ll get burned.

注意哟，要不然你会烫伤的。

③They got married last month.

他们是上个月成家的。

5、Our fur is used to make sweaters like yours.

我们的毛正被用于制作你穿的那种毛衣。

be used to do 被用来干什么=be used for+名词

be used to doing 习惯于干什么

used to do 过去常常干什么

这三个短语很常用，但极容易混淆。

I used to live in this small room. It was used to have a rest when I was a child. But now I’m used to living in a much bigger room.

我过去常常住在这个小房间里，它是我小时候睡觉的地方。但现在我已习惯住在一个大 得多的房间。

6、They did not want to protect us even though tourists love to see us.

即使游客希望看到我们，他们（当地农民）也不愿意保护我们。

even though=even if“即使，尽管”的意思，可引导状语从句。

①The manager received us even though he was very busy.

尽管经理很忙，但他还是接待了我们。

②She came even if she didn’t know me at all.

虽然她根本不认识我，但她还是来了。

7、The tour company applied to be allowed to hunt some for a fee, which made a lot of money for the farmers.

旅游公司申请批准作有偿捕猎，这样农民就可以赚很多钱。

这是一个由which 引导的非限制性的宾语从句，不能用that 替换。 This is our headmaster, A has taught math for thirty years.

A who B which C that D whom

语法：

1、被动语态的结构：

主语+be动词的不同时态+过去分词（by ）+（其它）

现在进行时态的被动语态：

主语+am/is/are+being+过去分词+（by ）+（其它）

过去进行时态的被动语态：

主语+was/were+being+过去分词+（by ）+（其它）

以下词汇不能使用被动语态：happen 、take place、occur 、come about

重点词汇

1、wild adj . 野生的；野的；疯狂的，狂热的

①We should protect wild animals and wild plants.

我们应该保护野生动物和野生植物。

②Hearing the news, they were wild with joy.

听了这个消息，他们欣喜若狂。

③With his glasses broken, he was wild with anger.

眼镜被打破了，他怒发冲冠。

2、area n . 面积；地面；范围；领域

cover/have an area of占地多少；占„„面积

①This park covers an area of 50 square kilometers.

=This park has an area of 50 square kilometers.

这个公园占地50平方公里。

②We have got great achievements in the area of scientific research.

=We have got great achievements in the field of scientific research.

我们在科学研究领域已经取得伟大成就。

3、hunt for/look for/search for/be after寻找，搜寻

以上这些短语当“寻找”讲的时候可以换用，意思是try to find。

①They are hunting for a lost necklace in the hotel.

=They are looking for a lost necklace in the hotel.

=They are searching for a lost necklace in the hotel.

=They are after a lost necklace in the hotel.

②They are hunting for better jobs.

=They are having a hunt for better jobs.（hunt n . ）

他们在寻找更好的工作。

4、suggest/advise建议

suggest 和advise 都有“建议”的意思，但用法不一样。

当“建议”讲时，这两个的搭配如下：

suggest sb doing sth=suggest that sb（should ）do sth

advise sb to do sth=advise doing

①The foreign teacher suggests us speaking more English.

=The foreign teacher suggests that we（should ）speak more English.

The foreign teacher advises us to speak more English.

The foreign teacher advises speaking more English.

英语老师建议我们多说英语。

②The smile on her face suggested that she was pleased.

她脸上的笑容表明她是满意的。

suggest 当“暗示、表明、意味着”是不用虚拟语气的。

也就是说，这句话不能换为

The smile on her face suggested that she should be pleased.

5、contain vt . 包含；容纳 include包含；包括

这两个动词都有“包含，包括”的意思，但include 强调包含整体中的某一部分。

①This storybook contains 100 heroes.

这个故事包含有（讲的是）100位英雄人物。

②This list include my name.

这个表上包含我的名字。

6、affect vt .=have an effect on影响

have a ... effect on对„„生效，起作用

①A sudden change in weather may affect your health.

=A sudden change in weather may have an effect on your health.

突然的天气变化也许影响你的健康。

②His opinion will not affect my decision.

=His opinion will have no effect on my decision.

他的意见不会影响我的决定。

③This medicine has a good（bad ）effect on me.

这个药对我效果好（不好）。

④What I said had no effect on him.

我说的话对他毫不产生作用。

Unit 5 Music

1、Have you ever dreamed of being in front of thousands of people at a concert, with everyone clapping and having fun, while you were singing?

你是否梦想过在音乐会上面对成千上万的观众，你一边演唱，观众们一边开心地鼓掌狂 欢？

打横线部分属于with 的复合结构，在句中作状语。英语中with 的复合结构有五种情况： ①with+宾语+形容词 The old man left in a hurry with his house open.（open 在此为形容词）

那个老人慌慌张张地走了，门没有关上。

②with+宾语+现在分词（主动） With my classmates helping me, I have made great progress in English.

由于班上同学帮助我，我的英语进步很大。

③with+宾语+过去分词（被动） With his bicycle stolen, he felt very sorry.

由于自行车被盗，他会难过。

④with+宾语+动词不定式 With a lot of homework to do, I can’t go there with you.

因为有大量的家庭作业要做，我不能和你到那儿去。

⑤with+宾语+介词短语 The speaker came in, with a book in his hand.

演讲者走了进来，手里拿着一本书。

2、They may play to passers-by in the street or subway so that they can earn some

extra money.

他们可能在街上或地道里为过路者演奏，以便多挣一些零花钱。

so that引导的是一个目的状语从句，so that之后从句的谓语部分常常是情态动词can/ could ，may/might+动词原型，so that可以换成in order that.

①The boy studies hard so that he can catch up with his classmates.

这个男孩努力学习，为的是赶上其他同学。

②They carved their names on the stone so that future generations might remember them.

他们把名字刻在石头上，以便后代人能记住他们。

so ... that分开时，只能是结果状语从句，so that不分开时，有时是目的状语从句， 有时是结果状语从句。从句的谓语部分有情态动词时，一般是目的状语从句，否则是结 果状语从句。

①The farmer got up early so that he could catch the early bus.

那个农民起床很早，为的是赶上早班车。（目的状语从句）

②The farmer got up so early that he caught the early bus.

那个农民起床很早，结果赶上了早班车。（结果状语从句）

③The farmer got up early so that he caught the early bus.

那个农民起床很早，结果赶上了早班车。（结果状语从句）

3、The musicians of whom the band was formed played jokes on each other as well as

made music.

组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑。

play jokes开玩笑，play jokes on sb跟某人开玩笑

①He likes to play jokes, so he is very popular among his classmates.

他喜欢开玩笑，所以在同学中很有人缘。

②Don ’t play jokes on him. He is always serious and not humorous at all.

别跟他开玩笑，他很严肃，一点儿也不幽默。

相关短语：have fun of sb取笑某人，play a trick on sb设某人的圈套

4、I like the name“The chopsticks”because that means working together.

我喜欢“筷子”这个名字，因为它意味着合作。

易混短语：mean doing意味着，mean to do想要做某事

①I meant giving them more help.

我当时的意思是多给他们一些帮助。

②She means to make everything clear to you.

她想要把一切对你讲明。

相关短语：

try to do设法干 try doing试着去干

stop to do停下来去干别的事 stop doing停止在干的事

go on to do接着去干另一件事 go on doing接着干同一件事

remember to do记住要干 remember doing记得干过

forget to do忘记要干 forget doing忘记干过

语法：

1、定语从句结构：

A. 主句（先行词）+介词+引导词+从句

B. 主句部分（先行词）+介词+引导词+从句+主句部分

2、Can you find two sentences in the reading passage that contain of/in which

attributive clauses? Write them down.

①The musicians of whom the band was formed played jokes on each other as well as played music.

②However, after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work... 定语从句口诀：一看指人还是物，二看介词在何处；三看句中作何用，四看是否属特殊。

重点词汇

1、dream vt . 梦见；梦想 n . 梦 dream vi .

dream of=dream about梦见；想象；梦想

①The little boy dreamed that he was flying.（vt . ）

这个小男孩梦见他在飞。

②I never dreamed him to be a liar.

=I never dreamed that he is a liar.

我连做梦也不曾想到过他会说谎。

③He often dreamed of/about his mother when he was in America. 他在美国的时候经常梦见他妈妈。

④I dream of/about becoming an astronaut like Yang Liwei.

我梦想像杨利伟那样当一个宇宙航行员。

2、be honest with sb对某人说实话

honestly adv .=to be quite honest about it说实在的；老老实实地说 ①He is honest with others.

他待人老实。（对人说实话）

②Honestly/To be quite honest about it, I have little money about me. 实话实说，我随身没带什么钱。

注意：honesty n . 诚实；善良 honestly adv . 诚实地；老实说

3、form （使）组成；形成；养成（习惯）

make up种种要素组成；be made up of由„„要素组成

①They want to form/make up a new company.

他们想组建一个新公司。

②They formed a class for beginners in French.

他们组织了一个法文初级班。

③He has formed good habits since he was a child.

从小孩子开始，他就养成了好习惯。

④Twelve boys make up a basketball team.

=A basketball team is made up of twelve boys.

12个男生组成了一个篮球队。

4、attract vt . 吸引；引起

attractive adj . 有吸引力的

attraction n . 吸引力（物）

①He shouted to attract attention.

他大声喊叫以引起注意。

②This film attracted all the children.

=This film is attractive and all the children were interested in it. 这部电影吸引了所有的小孩。

5、break up vt .&vi . 打碎；分裂；解体

①The ship was breaking up on the rocks.（vi. ）

船在礁石上撞毁了。

②They broke up the box for firewood.（vt. ）

他们拆散箱子当柴烧。

③When do you break up?（vi. ）

你们（的学校）何时放寒（暑）假？

④The marriage is breaking up.（vi. ）

这婚姻濒临破裂。

break out爆发；break down崩溃（机器等）出故障；break in闯入

6、hit 打；（偶然）碰撞；击中（目标）；打击

①The truck was hit by a falling stone.

卡车被落石击中。

②The car hit the tree.

小轿车碰到了树上。（偶然碰撞）

③The boy shot at the bird and hit it.

这男孩朝鸟儿射击，击中了。

④He was hard hit by his failure.

他因失败受到了严重打击。

注意：敲门用knock ；心脏跳动用beat ；擦火柴用strike

7、stick to坚持 belong to属于 look forward to盼望 be used to习惯

lead to导致 refer to参阅 get down to着手 object to反对 以上这些短语中的to 是介词，其后接名词或动名词，不能接动词原形。 ①It is snowing hard but the workers stick to their work.

雪下得很大，但工人们仍坚持工作。

②We look forward to visiting the Great Wall.

我们盼望参观长城。

③Are you used to living here?

你习惯住在这儿吗？