unit5笔记

Section A

1. be made of “由...制成”（看得出原材料）

be made from “由...制造”（看不出原材料）

be made in + 地点 “在何处制造”

be made in +时间 “在何时制造”

be made by + 动作执行者 “被...制造，由...制造”

2. grass (un) 草（长有绿色的叶子）

the grass常表示草地

3. leaf ——leaves 叶子

-f /-fe结尾的可数名词，其复数形式变-f为-ve，再加s

shelf — shelves thief — thieves

wolf — wolves self — selves

half — halves knife — knives

life — lives wife — wives

4. be famous for ... 以...著名，因为...著名

be famous as.... 作为...而出名

be famous to... 为...所熟知

eg. Guzheng is famous for lights.

Jay is famous as a singer.

Jay Zhou is famous to lots of young people.

5. be famous for... 以...著名

be famous as...作为...著名

be famous to...为...所熟知

eg. China is famous for the Great Wall.

He is famous as a actor.

Jay Zhou is famous to most young people.

6. produce (vt) 生产，制造，出产

produce (un) 农产品

eg. The factory produce toys.

The produce in the supermarket is cheap.

7. for example 例如 ——列举同类事物中的一个

such as 例如——列举同类事物中的几个

8. widely (adv)“广泛的，普遍的”

在句子中充当状语，表示抽象的行为和状况

widely different 很大的不同

wide (adv) “广大地，广阔地”

表示具体的行为或动作 open your mouth wide (adj) “宽的，宽广的”

9. be known for...以...闻名 = be famous for ...

eg. The town is known / famous for its tea.

10. as far as 连词“就....的限度”

as far as I know “据我所知”

as far as I see “据我所见”

eg. As far as I know , he got the the prise.

11. grow (vi) “生长，成长” grow up “长大，成长”

(vt) “种植，栽培” grow — grew — grown

grow rice / potatoes

12. on the sides of mountains “在山坡上”

eg. Don’t play alone on the sides of the mountains.

13.by hand “用手，手工”

eg. The bag was made by hand.

14. process (vt)“加工，处理” / (n) “过程，工序”

eg. The factory processes deskes.

Making a plane is a long process.

15. It seem + that从句(陈述句语序) “似乎/好像/貌似/看起来....” It seems like ...(+名词) “似乎...好像...”

主语+ seem to do sth...

主语 + seems to be...(表语)

eg. It seems that you are not happpy.

It seems like years since we last met.

You seem to be tired.

He seems to know the new.

16. all over the world 全世界，世界各地

= around the world

eg. They are from all over the world.

17. be good for ... 对...有益

be bad for ...对...有害

be good at...擅长于...

be good with...善于应对... 对...有办法

18. both...and... “既..., 又... ，...和...都”(两者)—谓语用复数 neither.... nor.... “既不.... , 也不....”(两者)—谓语就近原则

并列的成分可以是名词，形容词，代词

eg. Both Tom and Jack are from USA.

Neither Tom nor Jack is from USA.

19. no matter “无论，不论”, 常与what, when , where , which, who 连用，引导让步状语从句

no matter + what = whatever

no matter + when = whenever

no matter + where = wherever

no matter + who = whoever

20. product (n) 可指(人工的)产品，也可指(自然的)产物

21. find it + adj + that从句 “发现...（是怎样的）”

it 作find 后的形式宾语，真正的宾语为that从句，

形容词作宾语补足语

on weekends.

22. local 当地的，本地的

local language / local food

23. most of .... ....中的大部分(谓语动词取决于后所接的名词)

24. Toys are not the only things made in China.

made in China 修饰 things，作后置定语， made过去分词表被动

25. hardly “几乎不” = almost not

本身含有否定意义的词：

hardly / seldom / few / never / nothing /nobody

26. avoid (vt)“避免，回避”+ n / 代词 / v-ing

avoid doing sth. 避免做... eg. Most students find it enjoyable that they can play computer games

eg. He avoids answering my questions.

27. everyday (adj) 每天的，日常的——修饰名词 everyday work every day (adv) 每天 go to school every day

daily (adj/ adv) 每天的 / 每天地 daily life

28. in all parts of the world 在世界各地

eg. They works in all parts of the world.

29. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事

allow doing sth. 允许做某事

sb. be allowed to do sth. 某人被允许做某事

sb. be not allowed to do sth.某人不被允许做某事

注意： 不允许某人去做某事 don’t allow sb. to do sth.

30. on the last Friday 在最后一个周五

(1) 具体某一天则用on / 具体的某天中午下午晚上也用on

on May 1st on Monday morning

(2)具体几点则用at / 小地点用at

at 8:00 arrive at the air-port

(3) 年份，月份，季节前面则用in

in 2015 in May in summer

(4) 表示在早上，在下午或在晚上，则用in

in the morning / afternoon / evening

31. surface

（cn）表面，表层 ，当指“水面”或“液体表面”时，常用单数形式 surface of the lake） the （

（v）浮出水面，重新出现，恢复知觉

常用短语：

on the surface 在表面上 surface ares 表面积

surface water 地表水

32. careless 粗心，不小心的 —— careful 细心的，仔细的

care + -less = careless (adj) + -ness = carelessness (n)

hope +-less = hopeless (adj)+-ness = hopelessness (n)

use + -less = useless (adj) + -ness = uselessness (n)

33. traffic (un) 交通，路上行驶的车辆

表示交通量大常用heavy / busy ，交通量小用light

常用短语：

traffic lights 交通信号灯 heavy / busy traffice 交通繁忙

be open to traffic 通车

34. postman 邮递员 — postmen（pl）

(1)类似的词，复数形式将man变为men 的有：

woman / policeman /businessman / Frenchman /Eglishman

(2)复数形式将man后加s的有：

human ----humans German ----Germans

Section B

1. (1)kind (n) 种类

many different kinds of... 许多不同种类的...

a kind of ... 一种....

all kinds of ....各种各样的

different kinds of ... 不同种类的

(2) kind（adj）仁慈的，友爱的

be kind to sb. 对某人友好 = be friendly to sb.

That’s very kind of you. 你太好了

kind of 有点儿 = a little = a bit = a little bit

2. learn to do sth. 学会/学习做某事

learn from...向...学习

learn about sth. 了解，知道

learn ... by oneself自学...

3. fly a kite / fly kites 放飞（风筝/飞机模型等）

4. international (adj)国际的

international ari-port 国际机场

inter- 前缀 “在...之间”

inter- + national 国家的 = international 国际的

5. hold举行 — held — held

hold a sport meeting 举行一个运动会

6. competitior（cn）参赛者，竞争者

compete （v）竞争，比赛

competition （n）比赛，竞争

Eg. There are many competitors compete the English competition.

7. be from = come from 来自....

8. its “它的” 形容词性物主代词

eg. This is my pet ,its name is Mini.

区别： it is = it’s it has = it’s

9. form (cn) 表格 Fill in a form. 填一份表格

(v) 形成 A plan forms in his mind

10. turn into...变成...

turn ... into... 将...变成....

eg. I want to turn him into a ghost.

11. objects of beauty 精美之物，精美的物品

object指具体，实际的“物品，东西”

12. according to...（+n/代词/v-ing）根据，按照

according to plan 根据计划

13. be used by 被...使用 by “被，由”，后接动作的执行者

14. send out 放出，派遣，发送 “V + adv ”

send - sent - sent

15. in trouble 处于困境中

in danger 处于危险中 in silence 默默地 in excitement 兴奋地

16. celebrate （v）庆祝，庆贺 celebrate the spring festicval celebration （cn）庆典，庆贺活动

（un）庆贺，庆祝

17. put... on 将...贴上

put away 把...收起来，放好 put on 穿上，上演

putoff 推迟，延期 put out 熄灭

put down 放下 put up 建造，挂起

18. lively (adj)生气勃勃的，色彩鲜艳的 lively picture

living (adj) 活着的，强调说明“健在” The old man is still living. live (adj) 活的 /laiv/ a live snake

alive (adj) 活着的，侧重生与死 she was alive after the accident

19.history （n）历史，历史学

historian （n）历史学家

historic （adj）历史的，具有历史意义的

historical （adj）与历史有关

-al 后缀构成形容词， 表示“属于...的，具有...属性”

national / natural / traditional /personal / musical / cultural

20.at a very high heat 以高温

heat （un）热度，高温 (v ) 加热，变热

eg. The sun gives light and heat.

Pease heat the milk and eggs for breakfast.

21.It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多少时间 it 作形式主语， 真正的主语是后面的不定式to do

eg. It took me an hour to finish the homework.

22.complete

(vt) ( + n / 代词 / v-ing ) 完成 =finish

eg. He completed his homework just now.

(adj) 完整的，完全的

eg. This is a complete history.

23.be used for .... 被用来做....(表示用途或目的) +n / 代词 /v-ing = be used to do sth.

be used as... 被用作...

be used by...被...使用

eg. Bamboo is used for paper.= Bamboo is used to make paper. The trees are used as tables.

The tools are used by workers.