初三英语知识点整理

初三英语知识点整理

1.be on the school basketball team

2.at weekends=at the weekend

3.link-verb:

感官：（。。。上去）look, sound, taste, smell, feel

变得：become, get, grow, turn, go

不变：stay, remain, keep

*seem, appear

感官动词后接形容词

如：The music sounds good.

*I feel well. (well=healthy a. )

4. How do you say that in English?

5. 玩的愉快Have a good time/have fun/enjoy oneself +doing …

6. 两个：both, either, neither

三个：all, every, none

7. yies

studystudies (y前为辅音)

8. I am always hard-working.

I always work hard.

be动词后，实义动词前

9. would like to do =want to do

would like sb. to do =want sb. to do

10. too much water 不可数名词

much too fat 贬义形容词

11. a (great/large) number of books

a great deal of water

12. say hi 说话内容

speak English 语言

talk: 1) talk with/to sb. about sth.

2) have a talk

tell 1) tell sb. about sth.

2) tell sb. to do

3) tell a lie, the truth, a story,

4) tell the difference between A and B

13. look at 看

see 看见， 明白

watch: 1) watch birds 观察

2) watch a football game 看在动的东西

Read:1) 读

2) for information a) read the map b) read the website

14. v. openclose

a. openclosed

亲密的 close a.

15. each 个体（each of）

every 整体

_______ of the students is here.

A. everyone

B. every one

C. each

[B, C]

every one of =each of 其中每一个

16. It is time for sth.

It is time to do …

17. a book of mine

7A 3-4

1.以ly, ing, ed结尾的形容词通常加more, the most

例如：more quickly

more excited

2.Western restaurants 西方的 （大写W）

western countries 地理位置 （小写w）

4.up词组整理

1） 表示程度 clean …up

eat…up

mop…up

2）dress up as 乔装打扮

meet up with 约见

call sb. up=call sb.

5.on a cold morning

on the morning of October 31st

6.–You have a nice watch.

-Thanks. I bought it yesterday.

-How I wish to have one like it.

7. a boring film –ing修饰物（主动：令人。。。的）

I feel bored. （修饰人，被动：感到。。。的）

8. across 横穿

1) walk across the street

2) walk across/over the bridge

3) The bridge is six meters across.

Through 内部穿过 walk through the forest

有困难 Walk through the desert

抽象的 Go through my mind

8. on, at At Christmas

On Christmas eve

On Teachers’ day

9. some的用法

1) Would you like…=Do you want

2) Can I have …

3) What about/How about

10. exercise 的用法

1) 练习题(可数)

Maths exercises

*exercise books (名词修饰名词第一个名词用单数)

2) 锻炼（不可数）

Do more exercise, then you will be slim.

*do morning/eye exercises表示种类可数

3）v.

11. need用法

1）情态动词 need do needn’t do

2) 实义动词 need to do don’t need to do

*I ____ any water.

A. needn’t B. don’t need

[B]情态动词必须与谓语动词连用才能加宾语

3）物做主语时

Sth. Need doing =sth. Need to be done

The flowers need watering. =The flowers need to be watered.

12. how long时间

How far距离

How often =how many times+范围

How soon多久以后（in+一段时间）

13. people 复数名词谓语动词用复数

民族 a people

56 peoples

a person persons

14.

1) lie, lied, lied 说谎

2) lie, lay, lain 躺

3）lay, laid, laid 放，下蛋

15. there be 就近原则 “有“

7A 5-6

1.介词后doing

常用介词about, for, of, with, without, at

2.花费

I spend 10 minutes on the book. =(in) buying the book.

2) The book cost me 10 yuan. /ten minutes. (cost, cost, cost)

The work cost me one hour/one dollar to finish.

3) It takes me 10 minutes to walk home.

4) I paid 10 yuan for the book.

*Pay the bill/pay the debt

1. 物match物

物fit 人

The tie matches the shirt.

The tie fits him.

2.win赢得, beat 打败

win the match 物

beat him 人

3.thank you 的回答

It’s my pleasure.

Not at all.

You are welcome.

4.Sorry的回答

Never mind.

It doesn’t matter.

That’s OK.

It’s nothing.

5.high, highly; wide, widely; deep, deeply

没有ly的通常表示具体的地理位置

有ly的通常表示抽象的概念

The bird flies high in the sky.

He is highly praised

*It is widely used.

He is deeply loved by the girl.

6.to, for的区别

to 向。。。， 往。。。

for 为了

pass the cup to me

buy the book for me

7an electrical shop

8 目前

Now=at present=at the moment

9.立刻，马上

At once=right now=right away

10.try on the dress=try the dress on=try it on

名词随便放，代词放中间

11.enough water/books

good enough/well enough

13.her short black hair

形状颜色国籍材料

14.–en结尾的形容词

Wooden, woolen, golden

15.比较级，最高级

I. 形式

16.cheap, cheaper, the cheapest(副词前的the可以省略)

1)fat, fatter, the fattest

2)heavy, heavier, the heaviest

3)beautiful, more beautiful, the most beautiful (大于等于三个音节，以ly, ed, ing结尾的单词)

4)特殊

Good/well, better, the best

Bad/ill, worse, the worst

Far, farther/further, the farthest/furthest

Little, less, the least

Much/many, more, the most

II. 比较级题眼

1)两个东西做比较

2)Than

3)Much, even, far 后 *Which is ____, CJ or Hh?[longer] Which is ____river, CJ or Hh?[the longer]

Which is _____one of the two rivers?[the longer]

III. 最高级题眼

1) 》=三个东西

2) The

3) 介词加范围

4) One of 后

One of my best friends

IV. 特殊用法

The more you eat, the fatter you will be.

越。。。， 就越。。。

18.

(1) hope的用法

1) hope to do =want to do

2) hope that sb. will/can do

My parents ____me to be a doctor. [A]

A. wanted B. hoped

(2) wish

a) wish you a happy holiday

b) wish to do

c) wish sb. to do =expect sb. to do

*except(除了)， expect(期待)， expert (专家)

19. 也

I am lazy, too.

I am also lazy.

I am lazy as well.

I am not lazy, either. 也不

20. 穿

(1) Put on 穿上（动作）

Wear 穿着（状态）

Be in +颜色， 衣服（穿着）

(2) dress的用法

Dress up 乔装打扮

Dress up as 乔装成

Get dressed 穿好衣服

Dress sb. 给某人穿衣服

hairdresser n. 理发师 (3) The coat looks good on me.

21. in the 1980s 20世纪80年代（1980-1989）

*Oct. 31st (October the thirty-first)

the 31st of October

22. –ing主动 （物）

-ed被动 （人）

Cooked food

23. 不定代词的用法

1) –thing, -body, -one

2) 都为单数

3) 形容词后置

We don’t have _____. I still need some more candy. [everything]

Anything else

24. 情态动词

1) 常见：should （ought to doought not to do , must, may, can, need*. Shall, might, dare敢于

2) 后接动词原级

3) may do may not do 否定在其后加not

4) 猜测

Must be can be/may becan’t be

5) may有礼貌 can, can’t 没礼貌

25. first, then, next, afterwards, finally

8A 1-3

1. test n. 测试（小，非正式）

exam =examination n. 考试（正式）

final n. 决赛semi-final 半决赛

2. miss

1) 错过 miss the bus

2) 想念 miss her

3) 丢了 go（be） missing, get(be) lost, be gone

3. fit

1) The purse fits the bag. 钱包可以放在包里。

2) fit me well

3) be fit =be healthy

4) be fit for sth. =be fit to do sth. 合适做某事

4. pleasedpleasant

5.

6. try to do 尝试

*try doing 没有任何难度的尝试

try tasting the cake

manage to do 尝试并成功

be able to do 有能力并成功

can do 有能力

7. with sth.

by doing sth.

8. join的用法

1) join the club

join the army

join us

join (become a member)

2) join in +activities

join in the party

9. agree

1) agree with sb. about sth.

2) agree to do

3) an agreement 一份协议

10. end 1) in the end =at last=finally

)

11. to do

1) I went there to go shopping. 目的

2) I arrived only to find it missing. (结果)

12. 反身代词

1)themselves, herself, itself, himself, myself, yourself, ourselves, yourselves

2) enjoy oneself

3) help oneself to sth. 自便吃。。。, 请随意

4）by oneself =alone=on one’s own

5) teach oneself =learn by oneself

6) come to oneself 醒来 8A 4-5

1. take action to do …

2.

3. 药 medicine （不可数）

药片 pill (可数)

4. choose的用法

1)

2) 范围

3)

5.

6. lose v. loss n. lost a.

7. weigh v. (weighed, weighed)

weight n.

8. smell v. 连系动词

a nice smell n.

smelly a. 臭的

9. leave sth. on one’s own/alone/by oneself 落下（忘记带走）

forget to do 没做（忘记要做）

forget doing 做了（做了忘了）

* remember to do 记得去做

remember doing 记得做过

*stop to do 停下来去做

stop doing 停止做

10. because +句子

because of +短语

I was late because it rained heavily. =because of the heavy rain.

11. 主将从现

从：条件句

主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时

关键连词：when, if, as soon as, until, unless

12. return to school (go back)

return the book (give …back)

13. nature n. 自然，本质

a nature reserve

natural a. 自然的

It is natural for him to be late again.

14. provide sth. for sb.

provide sb. with sth.

15. call sb. on

e-mail sb. at …

16. arrive in Nanjing (大于等于城市)

arrive at 小地方

arrival n.

His arrival surprised everyone.

*reach sp. =get to sp.

17. 现在进行时表示将来

地理位置发生变化

come, leave, return, go, arrive, move

一般现在时表示将来

列车时刻表The train leaves at 8.

日历 It is Wednesday tomorrow.

计划 He graduates this June. *There will be a film tonight.

There is going to be a film tonight.

8A 6

1. The temperature is around/about 6 degrees centigrade.

2. show sb. around/about sp.

3. The temperature will be higher/lower.

4. The temperature will drop by 2 degrees centigrade to 5 degrees centigrade.

5. 不能同时存在的

because/since/as, so

although/though, but/however

8B 1-6

1. past的用法

1) n. past and present

2) prep. walk past the desk

3) adj. in the past time

2. lend, borrow

lend …to sb.

borrow …from sb.

借

3. ride 的用法

1) n. take a bus ride

2) I went to school by bike. =I rode to school. =I went to school on my bike.

ride-rode-ridden

4. 伴随

主动伴随

被动伴随

5. experience

1) n. (U) 经验

teaching experience

2) n. (C) 经历

traveling experiences

6. 伴随

1) 主动伴随

2) 被动伴随

7. use的用法

1) use …to do be used to do …=be used for doing

2) used to do 过去常常做

3) be used to doing 习惯于

8. come out 开花出版

9. 被动语态

1) be done : is/am/are done, was/were done, will be done

2) 及物动词没有宾语；翻译中文

10. invite的用法

1) invite …to do

2) an invitation letter

11. seem的用法

1) You seem happy.

2) It seems to rain.

3) It seems that he will sleep soon.

seem +a.

seem to do

It seems that …

12. a piece of work

a job

1

就近原则

14. 继续

carry on with sth.

go on with …

carry on doing =keep on doing =go on doing continue to do

15. raise …for sb.

donate …to sb.

16. so, such

1) so tall a building

2) such a tall building

3) such great progress （进步）

4) so much water (little, much, many, few用so)

17. with的用法

1) a coat with a hat

2) sleep with eyes open

18. why=what for

Why are you here?

What are you here for?

9A 1

1. easy-going

outgoing, outdoor

2. 以ly结尾的形容词

lively, friendly, lovely, early, *likely

be likely to do be really likely to do

有可能做某事 It is likely to rain today.

3. forgive sb. for sth./doing sth.

4. around, about 的用法

about/around one thousand

show sb. around/about the house

5. to做介词后接doing

look forward to doing

be used to doing

pay attention to doing

devote…to doing

contribute …to doing

6. have的用法

have to do 不得不做。。。

have …to do (…常为名词)

have sb. do =let sb. do

have sth. done 让某事被别人做了

7. explain sth. to A for B

为了B向A解释某事

8. sleepy困的, asleep 睡着了

be sound/fast asleep 睡的香，睡的熟

fall asleep (fall, fell, fallen)

* awake a. 醒着的

v. awake sb. 叫醒某人

wake sb. up 叫醒某人

9. alone, lonely

I am alone. I live alone.

I feel lonely. a lonely house

*a开头的形容词只能放系动词后做表语

I am asleep. 10. see所代表的hear, notice, find的用法 1) see sb. do 全过程或频率 I like watching the fish swim around.

2) see sb. doing 正在发生 He was last seen walking down the street.

3) 被动语态to还原

See sb. do sb. is seen to do

10. at a time 一次

at all times 总是

at times =from time to time =sometimes 11. sometimes 有时

some times (some books) 几次

some time (some water) 一段时间

**sometime 某个时刻

I will visit you sometime next week.

13. 容易混淆

1) Live a./adv.

A live show a.

11

The show is covered live. Adv.

2) life （U., C.）

生活 U.

生命 C.

3) alive a. 活着的

He caught the fish alive.

4) lively

A lively lesson 生动活泼的

She is lively. 精力充沛

5) living things/animals

14. It is nice of you to help me. (You are nice.)

It is important for us to learn English. (We are important.)

一致 of

不一致 for

9A 2

1. 影响 affect v. effect n. (have an effect on…)

努力effort n.

Afford sth. /afford to do …负担的起

Afford that computer=afford to buy that computer

2. advise v. advise sb. to do

advice n.

a piece of advice

practice v. /n.

practise v. practise doing …

3. prefer preferred

4. weather 天气 (U. )

What bad weather!

climate 气候(通常可数)

live in cold climates

5. prefer to do

prefer A to B (A, B为名词或doing)

would rather do than do

I prefer to sleep than study.

6. look for 寻找

Find 找到

Find out 搞清楚

Search sp. 搜寻某地 （sp. 为范围）

The police ____him, but found nothing. [search sb. 搜身]

A. searched for B. searched

Search for sth. 搜寻的目的为。。。（sth. 为目的）

I search the Internet for useful information.

Discover 发现

Invent 发明

Create 创造（通常是精神上的，文学的，非物质的）

12

7. none的用法

概念：数量为0

1) none of

2) 回答how many, how much

3) Is there/Are there

9A 3-4

1. accept和receive

I received a gift from him but I didn’t accept it.

Receive v. 收到

Accept v. 接受

2. spare a. /v.

spare time =free time

spare me five minutes空5分钟给我

3. 去e: truth, truly，ninth

4. be worth doing

The book is worth reading.

5. quarrel with 吵架

argue with sb. about sth. 辩论

6. turn on 打开 turn up 调高

turn off 关掉 turn down 调低

turn …over 翻身

7. weekly, monthly, daily, yearly a.

8. up-to-date =latest

9. The man covered the floor of his room with books.

The floor of his room was covered with books.

The floor of his room was covered by the man.

with后接覆盖这个动作的材料

by 后接覆盖这个动作的发出者

10. on the right You are right!

right in front of 正前方

*That’s right. 对的

That’s all right. 没关系

11. He is too young to go to school.

He is not old enough to go to school.

He is so young that he can’t go to school.

12. prize n. 奖金，奖品

award n. 奖项（头衔） reward n. 回报

*Nobel Prize

13. There are boys playing football on the playground. …

14. from 7 to 9=between 7 and 9

15. I will wait until you come.

I won’t leave until you come.

13

until连接的主句中动词必须可延续。

16.[选择题]

后was, were doing用while

后did用when

I was cooking ____he came in. [WHEN]

While: 强调两个动作同时进行。（两长）

When 一长一短

9A 5-6

1. not only …but also

1）He plays not only the violin but also the piano.

2）He not only sings well but also dances well.

*就近原则

Not only he but also I am hard-working.

2. present

1）n. 礼物

2）a./n.(at the present moment; at present) 现在

出席（presence）

The present chairman is here. 目前的放在名词前

The chairman present is nice. 出席的放在名词后

3）v. present sb. with sth. 给某人某物

n. presentation

3. show n.

be on show

a talk show

v. show sb. sth. =show sth. to sb.

4. star的用法

starred, starring

This is the film starring Audrey. 主演

5. What do you think of…?=How do you like…?

6. be sure of sth. /doing sth. 对。。。有把握

be sure to do 肯定会做某事

7. award sb. sth. =award sth. to sb.

8. 直接引语，间接引语

1) 连接词的问题

陈述句：that

一般疑问句：if, whether

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词

2）陈述句语序

3）时态

主句时态与过去有关，从句时态亦必须与过去有关（事实用一般现在） 14

Does/dodid

Am/is/are doingwas/were doing

Did/had donehad done

Will do would do

4) 时间状语

a) today, this week that day, that week

b) tomorrowthe next/following day

c) yesterday, ten days agothe day before, ten days before d) here, there

now, then

5)人称代词的变化

6) 换动词

9. in the sun阳光下

under the sun 世界上

动词时态

一般现在时

Do/does

1. 客观真理 The earth runs around the sun.

2. 频率副词

Always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never

*rarely 很少

frequently 经常

I often get up on time.

3. 目前是事实

I have long hair now.

一般过去时

did

1. 过去的题眼

1) 2)

2. 推测为一次性的动作

I caught a cold.

3. 过去连续发生的动作

I got up and got dressed this morning.

4. 与现在情况相反

I was slim but now I am fat.

现在进行时

Am/is/are doing

1. now, look, listen

2. 具体到小时

3. 表示两个动作同时发生

I am dancing while he is singing now.

4. now=at present=at the moment 目前

5. 表示情感

15

I am worrying about her. I feel so sad.

过去进行时

Was/were doing

1. 具体到小时

2. while后

I entered the room while he was singing.

3. from…to …+过去的时间(一段时间的延续用进行时来强调) I was watching TV from 7 to 9 yesterday.

4. then=at that moment/time

现在完成时

Have/has done

1. 书上

ever, never, already, yet (否定句和疑问句中)

2. since +时间点=for +时间段 3. 目前，最近

Recently =lately

So far =these days

Up till now =up to now

4. 次数

Once, twice, three times

5. 影响

6. 去过，去了

Have been to 去过（通常与“次数”连用）

Have gone to 去了（Where is he? He has gone to the library. ）

7. 可延续性问题

1) 所有动词都有现在完成时

The cat has died.

2) 只有与表示“一段时间”的时间状语连用时，才考虑延续问题。a) how long

b) for 2 years

c) since 2 years ago

The cat has been dead for 2 years.

3) 变化形式

a) 换动词

borrow have/has kept

buyhas/have had

b) 换成has/have been +相应的形容词形式

marryhas/have been married

diehas/have been dead

stophas/have been over

open/closehas/have been open/closed

16

c) 换成have/has been +介词

start/beginhas/have been on

pass/go awayhas/have been away

d) 换成has/have been +短语

joinhas/have been a member of (has/have been in)

8. 疑问句用how long提问

过去完成时

1. 概念：过去的过去

2. 题眼 过去的过去

He said 过去he had had the bike for 2 years.完成

By 完成the end of last year过去, he had bought another house.

17