6单元定语从句的概念在复合句中

定语从句的概念 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语

从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

二、定语从句的关系词

引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括

that ， which， who（宾格whom ，所有格whose ）等，关系副词包括where ，

when ， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，

同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语

从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，

主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间

有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。 四、关系代词的

用法

1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，

作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如： Mary likes music that is quiet

and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that 作主语）

The coat （that ） I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件

外套是蓝色的。（that 作宾语）

2.which 用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。

例如：

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.

位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）

The film （which ） we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看

的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）

3.who ， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom 用作宾语。在口语中，有时可

用who 代替whom ，也可省略。例如： The girl who often helps me with my

English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩英国人。（作主

语） Who is the teacher （whom ） Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈

话的老师是谁？（作宾语） 注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句

末时，who ， that， which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词

+which/whom”结构。例如： This is the house in which we lived last year.

这是我们去年居住的房子。Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English

novel. 请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。 （2）含有介词的固定动

词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：

This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那

个人。 （3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词

不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：

The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。

（4）关系词只能用that 的情况： 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，

或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that ，而不用which. 例如：

He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。

b. 被修饰的先行词为all ， any， much， many， everything， anything，

none ， the one 等不定代词时，只能用that ，而不用which. 例如： Is there

anything that you want to buy in the shop ？你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？

c. 先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few

等词修饰时，只能用that ，而不用w which. 例如：

This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that ， 而不用which. 例如：

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the

room. 我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

e. 以who 或which 引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that. 例如：

Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？

f. 主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that ，而不用which.

例如：

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆

的。

（5）关系词只能用which ，而不用that 的情况：

a. 先行词为that ， those 时，用which ， 而不用that. 例如：

What’s that which is under the desk ？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什

么？

b. 关系代词前有介词时，一般用which ，而不用that. 例如：

This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。

c. 引导非限制性定语从句，用which ， 而不用that. 例如：

Tom came back， which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高

兴。

五、关系副词的用法

（1）when 指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：

This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。

（2）where 指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：

This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。

（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：

Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为

什么上学总迟到。

1. sing along with the music _______

2. take CDs to the party _______

3. play different kinds of music _______

4. think of _______

5. in different ways _______

6. pop/popular music _______

7. write music ____________

8. dance music ____________

9. 近几年来 _______ 10. 务必 11. 找乐 _______ 12. 展览，陈列 _______

13. 提醒，使记起 ______ 14 追赶，赶上 _______

15. 据说 16. 使某人高兴 I like music that I can dance ______.

A. with B. to C. along D. on

2. Some of her best loved photos are _______ display in this exhibition.

A. on B. in C. at D. about

3. There are many tall buildings on _______ sides of the street.

A. each B. every C. both D. either

4. That is a watch of _______.

A. his B. him C. my D. me

5. “Help _____ to some fish.” Mrs. Smith said to the children.

A. you B. yourself C. yourselves D. yours

6. I _____ singing to dancing.

A. like B. enjoy C. love D. prefer

7. He has a friend who _______ the piano very well.

A. play B. playing C. plays D. played

8. We _____ here two hours ago. We _______ here for two hours.

A. have arrived, have been B. have come, have been

C. came, have come D. arrived, have been

9. Though it was late, ______ he went on with his work.

A. but B. and C. so D. \

10. We will have a ______ holiday after the exam.

A. two month B. two - month

C. two-months D. two months

、跟着…跳 2、随着…唱

3、使…想起 4、多年来

5、优点 6、在当今世界

7、使某人感兴趣 8、一定要做某事

9、顾名思义 10、在热天

11、合…的意，适合… 12、老实说

13、炒焦的食物 14、增加癌症的发病率

15、远离… 16、一个叫…的CD

17、油炸食品 18、致癌

19、比起…更喜欢… 20、展览，陈列

选择填空：

( )1、I _____ singing to dancing.

A. like B. enjoy C. love D. prefer

( )2. Some of her best loved photos are _______ display in this

exhibition.

A. on B. in C. at D. about

( )3.My friend Jack is from ______ European country. We all think he is

______ honest boy.

A. a; a B. a; an C. an; an D. an; a

( )4. —Smoking and drunkenness (酗酒) are both bad for people’s

health.

—Yes. So we should ______ cigarettes and alcohol（酒精）.

A. shut down B. get on with C. stay away from D.put away

( )5.He is expecting me _________tomorrow.

A. to coming B. come C. coming D. to come

( ) 6. He has a friend who _______ the piano very well.

A. play B. playing C. plays D. played

( ) 7. Do you know the man ______ is sitting behind Nancy?

A. what B. which C. who D. whose

( ) 8. My grandfather often tells me I do in the future, I should

try my best to do it well.

A. however B. whatever C. whenever D. wherever

( )9. Sorry, we don’t have the coat ______ you need.

A. who B. which C. what D. whom

( )10---How about going hiking this weekend?

---Sorry, I prefer _____rather than _____.

A. to stay at home, go out B. to go out, stay at home

C. staying at home, go out D. going out, stay at home.

( )11.The story reminded me ______ an experience I once had.

A. of B. to C. at D. on

( )12.I like the music that I can sing ______.

A. along and B. along with C. with D. along

( )13I hate people ______ talk much but do little.

A. who B. what C. which D. whose

( )14.I prefer watching TV to ______ music every day.

A. listen to B. listen C. listening to D. listening

( )15.I like this kind of music that I can dance ______.

A. to B. in C. with D. along

( )16.They met each other _____a cold winter day fifteen years ag

o.

A. on B. in C. at D. for

( )17.Young children are given ______ food by their parents and

grandparents.

A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too

( )18.This kind of food is cooked by a cook _____ Jack.

A. call b. calls C. called D. calling

汉语提示完成单词

1.The man with a camera is a __________ (摄影师)of a newspap

2.He is good at taking___________(照片).He is very good at________

__(摄影).

3.He ___________ (让…想起)me of his father, because he looks

like his father very much.

4.We prefer music that has great________. (抒情词曲)

5. ________(不论什么) you do, don’t miss this exhibition.

6. Some of Amy Kim’s best loved photos are ________(展览) in this

exhibition.

7. I ________ (喜欢) dance music _______(而不喜欢) jazz music.

8. That woman ________(使记起) me of my aunt. They wear the same

dress.

9. Mary _________(不能忍受) the CDs that his brother plays, they’re too

noisy.

10. As the name ________(暗示), the band has lots of energy.

11. I _______(预计) that I shall be back on Sunday.

12. Go on in front, I’ll soon ___________(赶上) with you.

用所给单词的正确形式填空

1. I like ____________(music) who can write their own lyrics.

2. Farmers plant seeds ________ (main) in the spring.

3. After the long walk, we felt very ___________(tiring).

4. If you don’t sleep enough at night, you will feel ____________(ha

ppy) in different ways.

5. ________ (actual), that student needs to study more to pass

the exams.||

6.Tomorrow is my birthday. Be sure ____________(come) to my

birthday party.

7.That story is _______(interest), all the children like to read it.

8. Arm Kim is one of the best know Chinese __________(photograph) in

the world today.

9. There’s lots of ________(difference) kinds food in that restaurant.

10. I prefer ________(walk) to riding a bike.

11. I listened to the music _______(call) Heart String last night.

12. These ________(music) who make us happy.

13. Shanghai is a great place________(visit).

14. We must keep ______(quiet) in the library.

15. Where’s the woman _______(who) watch was stolen yesterday.

16. Some of the singers don’t sing words _________(clear).

汉译英

1、这幢建筑使我想起了我的母校。

This building ______________________________.

2. 你对这部新影片有什么看法？

What do you __________________ of the new film?

3. 这件大衣非常适合您，女士！

This coat __________________, madam!

4.Some of her best loved photos are ______ ______ in this exhibition.

在这次摄影展中，展出了她的一些最中意的作品

5. I’d like to ______ ___________, butI only eat food that tastes______ .我

想保持健康，但是我只吃口味好的食品。

6. 我很幸运得到一份工作。

I was very lucky ___________________________________.

7. 无论我提什么建议，他总是不同意。

_____________________________, he always disagrees.

8. 我每天看到相似的东西而且它们没有引起我的关注。

I see the same things every day and they don’t _______ _____ as

much.

9. 我喜欢天气总是温暖的地方。

I like places_______ the weather________________________.

1. -Do you know the man ______is talking with your father？

-Yes ， he’s our headmaster.

A. he B. who C. which D. whom

2. Is this the river _____I can swim？

A. which B. in which C. that D. the one

3. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.

A. where B. which C. that D. it

4. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day？

A. that you bought B. you bought it

C. that you bought it D. which you bought it

5. Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands.

A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree 6. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing. A. that B. it C. which who 7. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate A. who’s B whose C. that of which.

8. The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister

A. which； is B. whom； was C. who； is D. who； was

9. I love places ______the people are really friendly.

A. that B. which C. where D. who

10. The world ______ is made up of matter.

A. in that we live B. on which we live

C. where we live in D. we live in

Ⅱ. 用适当的关系代词that ， which， who， whom填空。

1The first thing ______you must do is

to have a meal.

2. April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west.

3. The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help

from their friends.

4. The house _____we live in is very old.

5. Didn ’t you see the man ______I

talked with just now？

定语从句专项练习题

. 2 Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day?

A. That B. where C. in which D. the one

3. 3 Is this factory __________ some foreign friends

visited last Friday?

A. That B. where C. which D. the one

4. Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago?

A. that B. where C. which D. the one

10. That tree__________ branches are almost bare, is very old.

A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which

12. He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.

A. which B. it C. that D. what

13. We’re t alking about the piano and the pianist __________ were in the concert we attended last night.

A. which B. whom C. who D. that

14. The girl __________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.

A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing

15. Those __________ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.

A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn

16. Anyone __________ this opinion may speak out.

A. that againsts B. that againstC. who is against D. who are against

18. Can you lend me the novel __________ the other day?

A. that you talked B. you talked about it

C. which you talked with D. you talked about

19. Is there anything __________ to you?

A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs

20. ---- “How do you like the book?”

---- “It’s quite different from __________ I read last month.”

A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what

25. It’s the third time __________ late this month.

A. that you arrived B. when you arrived

C. that you’ve arrived D. when you’ve arrived

28. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, __________ live my grandparents and some relatives.

A. which B. that C. who D. where

33. He is not __________ a fool __________.

A. such, as he is looked B. such, as he looks

C. as, as he is looked D. so, as he looks

34. Is that the reason __________ you are in favour of the proposal? 【建议】

A. which B. what C. why D. for that

39. ---- Do you know the town at all?

---- No, this is the first time I __________ here.

A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming

41. The two things __________ they felt very proud are Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.

A. about which B. of which C. in which D. for which

44. There is only one thing __________ I can do.

A. what B. that C. all D. which

47. They were interested __________ you told them.

A. in which B. in that C. all that D. in everything

49. The great day we looked forward to __________ at last.

A. come B. came C. coming D. comes

50. I like the second football match __________ was held last week.

A. which B. who C. that D. /

用适当的关系词填空：

1. I still remember the night _______I first came to the house.

2. I'll never forget the day________ we met each other last week.

3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _______is the best season there.

4. I will never forget the days _______I spent with your family.

5. I'll never forget the last day______ we spent together.

6. This is the school ______I used to study.

7. Do you still remember the place______ we visited last week?

8. Do you still remember the place_______ we visited the painting exhibition?

9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_____is famous for the West Lake?.

12. I live in Beijing,____is the capital of China.

13. There was a time ______there were slaves【 奴隶 】in the USA.

14. It is the third time ______you have made the same mistake...

18. This is the very novel about____we've talked so much.

20. Who is the student _____was late for school today?

21. Who _____knows him wants to make friends with him?

23. He lives in the room____window faces to the south...

30. I hope you will find this valley a beautiful place____you may spend your weekend.

KEYS: 1. when 2. when 3. which 4. that/which 5. that 6. where 7. that/which 8. where 9. which 10. where 11. where 12. which 13. when 14. that 15. that 16. that

17. (that) 18. which 19. (that/in which) 20.that

21.that 22 that 23.whose 24. of which 25. whose

26. whom 27. when 28. that 29. that 30. where

1 一个正在开车的司机不准和别人说话。

2 那个经常在房间里唱歌的女人是我的阿姨。

3 我妈妈对他讲话的这个老人是我的爷爷

4 我昨天买的这本书是关于科学。

5 我认识的这个女孩其衣服是红色的。

6 我不会忘记这个时间我们去年参观动物园的时间。 7 我们昨天参观的公园是非常漂亮。

8 这就是我三年以前工作过的地方。

9 这就是我去年住过的地方。【两种表达】·