瞬间动词变延续性动词

英语中瞬间动词和延续性动词

一、瞬间动词和延续性动词的含义及用法：

1.瞬间动词是指动作短暂、不长久的动词，如begin, become, sell, buy, borrow等。其用法有：

①常与点时间连用。例如：She often goes to bed at ten.她经常十点钟睡觉。

②不能与段时间连用。例如：He has joined the army for two years. (×)She has come here for half an hour. (×)

2.延续性动词是指长久的、可以延续的动词，如sleep, know, keep, wait, study等。其用法为： ①常与段时间连用。例如：Mr Zhang has lived here for two years.张先生在这儿住了两年了。

He has taught there since 1987.自1987年来他一直在那儿教书。

②不与点时间连用(do, have, eat等除外)。例如：Mary has worked at eight. (×)She walked at five yesterday. (×)

二、非延续性动词可以转换成延续性动词，主要有以下几种：

①、用相应的延续性动词；

buy ------ have, borrow ----- keep, put on ------ wear,

catch/get a cold ------ have a cold, come/go/become ------ be.

②、转换成 be＋名词;

join the Party ------ be a Party member,

join the army ------ be a soldier,

go to school ------ be a student.

③、转换成be + 介词短语 :

go to school ------ be in school,

join the army ------ be in the army.

④、转换成be + adj./adv. :

die ------ be dead, finish ------ be over,

begin/start ------ be on, leave (…) ------ be away (from),

close ------ be closed, open ------ be open, fall asleep ------ be asleep.

常见的瞬间动词变为延续性动词：

1、go——be away 2、come/arrive——be here

3、come back——be back 4、leave——be away（be not here）

5、buy——have 6、borrow——keep 7、die——be dead

8、begin——be on 9、finish/end——be over 10、open——be open

11、close——be closed 12、lose——be lost 13、get to know——know

14、 turn on——be on 15、get up——be up 16、sit down——sit/be seated

17、join——be in（…）或be a…member 18、become——be a

19、marry—— be marrie 20、fall asleep——be asleep 21、put on——be in /wear 22、catch a cold——have a cold 23、go out——be ou

例句：

1、他买了这本书两年了。

误：He has bought the book for two years.正：He bought the book two years ago.

2、他们认识5年了。

误：They have got to know each other for five years.正：They have known each other for five years.

3、他父亲死了五年了。

误：His father has died for two years.正：His father has been dead for two years.

4、汤姆参军4年了。

误：Tom has joined the army for four years.正：It is (has been) four years since Tom joined the army.