初中英语句子的基本结构1

句子的基本结构

一、句子的基本成分

句子的基本成分有以下几种：

1、_____：句子的主体，全句述说的对象。一般由____________________________担当，位于句首。

The boy needs a pen. Smoking is bad for you.

2、______：说明主语的动作或状态。由______担任，常置于主语后。The train leaves at 6 o’clock.

3、_______：表示动作的对象。一般由担当，常置于谓语后。 He won the game.

4、_______：用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。一般由担任，置于系动词之后。

He is a student. We are tired.

5、_______：对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子。

The black bike is mine. The boy in blue is Jim. I have nothing to do today.

6、________：用以修饰adj. /v. /adv.及全句，位置灵活。

I am very sorry. In order to cheer him up, I told him the truth.

They are writing English in the classroom.

7、____________：补充说明宾语的情况。由

He made me sad. She asks me to take an umbrella.

8、同位语：同位语是句子成分的一种, 它位于名词、代词后面, 说明它们的性质和情况, 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。

Tom, our monitor, is a handsome boy.

I myself will do the experiment.

She is the oldest among them six.

一、指出下列划线部分的基本成分。 1

句子结构

(S＝主语；V ＝谓语；P ＝表语；O ＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；C ＝宾语补足语) 一．S 十V 主谓结构（vi. ）

They listened carefully．

My homework has finished.

二．S 十V 十O 主谓宾结构(vt.)

They found their home easily

They have taken good care of the children．

三．S 十V 十F 主系表结构（系动词）

Is, look ________________________________________________________+形容词

The desk feels hard.

He becomes a teacher．

The trees turn yellow in the autumn.

四．S 十V 十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构

give ，ask_________________________________________________________sb sth

He brought me a pen.

He offered me his seat.

He got me a chair

五．S 十V 十O 十C 主谓宾补结构

They found her happy that day．

I saw him in.

I heard the glass broken just now

二、指出下列句子属于哪种基本句子结构。

1. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes.

2. He broke a piece of glass.

3. He asked us to sing an English song.

4. We will make our school more beautiful.

5. Trees turn green in spring.

6. He came finally last night.

7. Her voice sounds sweet.

8. The meeting will be held in the meeting room.

9. Mary handed her homework to the teacher.

10. He made it clear that he would leave the city.

六．There be 结构

1、定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。

2、结构：(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.

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(2) There are +复数名词+地点状语.

①__________________________. 树上有一只鸟。 ② ________________________________. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。 划分句子成分练习题 1.They are working on the farm now.

2.Seeing is believing.

3.All of us like Kobe Bryant very much.

4.She became a doctor in 1998.

5.The book lying on the floor are mine.

6.Suddenly it begins to rain.

7.To catch the train ,I got up early yesterday.

8.I always find her happy.

9.He wonders if I still study English.

10.We always work hard at English.

11.He said he didn't come.

12.They love each other.

13.What did you buy?

14.She watched her daughter playing the piano.

15.Your job today is to help the old.

16.Speaking doesn't mean doing.

17.It takes me an hour to get there.

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