英语动词有两种语态

英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态，被动语态的结构是主语+be+过去分词，其中be动词体现时态，过去分词done体现被动。下面以动词do为例，总结出各种时态的被动语态。

红色部分为小升初考试较多出现的结构，重点记1.一般现在时：am (is, are) + done.

如：主动语态：我们打扫教室。

We clean the classroom.

被动语态：教室被我们打扫。

The classroom is cleaned by us.

2.一般过去时：was (were) + done

如：主动语态：我们昨晚打扫了教室。

We cleaned the classroom last night.

被动语态：昨晚教室被我们打扫了。

The classroom was cleaned by us last night.

3.一般将来时：will (shall) be + done

如：主动语态：我们明天将打扫教室。

We will clean the classroom tomorrow.

被动语态：明天教室将被我们打扫。

The classroom will be cleaned by us tomorrow.

4.现在进行时：am (is, are) being + done

如：主动语态：我们正在打扫教室。

We are cleaning the classroom.

被动语态：教室正被我们打扫。

The classroom is being cleaned by us.

5.过去进行时：was (were) being + done

如：主动语态：昨晚这个时候我们正在打扫教室。 We were cleaning the classroom at this moment last night. 被动语态：昨晚这个时候教室正在被我们打扫。

The classroom was being cleaned by us at this moment last night.

6.现在完成时：have (has) been + done

如：主动语态：我们已经打扫了教室。

We have cleaned the classroom.

被动语态：教室已经被我们打扫了。

The classroom has been cleaned by us.

7.带情态动词的被动语态：must (can, may, should, need, would) be + done

如：主动语态：我们必须打扫教室。

We must clean the classroom.

被动语态：教室必须被我们打扫。

The classroom must be cleaned by us.

练一练：

一、根据句意，用括号中词的适当形式填空。

1. Cakes _____were__aten___________(eat) by us a moment ago.

2. At that time, the radio ___was_____mended__________ (mend) by him.

3. The problem __will_be_solved______________ (solve) soon.

4. A new film _is__being___shown____________ (show) now.

5. No notes should ___be_brought______________ (bring) to the English exam, boys and girls!

6. ---Why not go fishing?

---It ______sounds____________ (sound) great.

7. These books ____has_been_sent_________ (send) to the village already.

8. English ____is __spoken_______ (speak) in Australia.

答案：

1. were eaten（ago一般过去时）

2. was mended（at that time一般过去时）

3. will be solved(soon一般将来时)

4. is being shown（now现在进行时）

5. be brought

6. sounds(sound无被动语态，主动表被动)

7. has been sent(already关键词，现在完成时)

8. is spoken